CLOUD COMPUTING

A. Background 

Cloud computing is a computing service according to customer demand. Cloud computing serves customers by storing and processing customer data. Cloud computing works over the internet on a pay-as-you-go basis. Cloud computing describes the computer network technology work system that is widely used by large companies that aim to save resources, both in the hardware and software fields. 

By using this Cloud Computing, the need for hardware and software on the user’s side will decrease. This is because customer data is stored on a permanent server, which can be accessed anywhere and anytime indefinitely as long as it remains connected to the Internet. Cloud computing increase the number of web-capable devices in business environments. Because of that, the increase in computer use will increase so it will requires a larger storage media. Due to the high use of computers and technology, cloud computing is the solution to this problem because it is a good and cheap technology. In addition, cloud computing is very flexible and efficient to be applied in the business sector. 

B. Literature 

According to Laudon and Loudon (2015) Cloud Computing is a computing model where processing activities, storage, software and other services are provided like an integrated virtual source on a network which is generally the internet. 

According to Bradshaw and his colleagues (2010) in their journal, Cloud Computing is a development model, dissemination and delivery of information that allows the delivery of products, services and solutions in real time via the internet. 

C. Result and Discussion 

1. Types of Cloud Computing Services 

• Email 
• Data storage, backup and retrieval 
• Build and test applications 
• Analyze data 

• Streaming audio and video 
• Deliver the software on demand 

Even though it is relatively new to use, cloud computing has been used in large companies, small companies, non-profit organizations, government agencies, and individual consumers. 

1. Various application models 

• Public clouds provide their services on servers and storage on the Internet. Public clouds are operated by handling and controlling all hardware, software and public infrastructure by third parties. In that way, the Client accesses the service through an account that can be accessed by anyone. 

• A private cloud is usually reserved for one business or organization for a specific client. An enterprise data service center may host cloud computing services. Private networks provide many private cloud computing services. 
• Hybrid clouds are a combination of public and private services. This type of model allows users more flexibility and helps optimize user security and infrastructure. 

1. Types of cloud computing 

• Software-as-a-service (SaaS) involves licensing a software application to customers. SaaS licenses are usually granted on a pay-as-you-go or on-demand model. These types of systems can be found in Microsoft Office 365. 

• Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) involves a method of delivering everything from the operating system to servers and storage via IP-based connectivity as part of on-demand services. Clients can avoid the need to purchase software or servers, and instead get these resources in an on-demand outsourcing service. Popular examples of IaaS systems include IBM Cloud and Microsoft Azure. 
• Platform-as-a-service (PaaS) is considered the most complex of the three layers of cloud-based computing. PaaS shares some similarities with SaaS, the main difference being that instead of delivering software online, it is actually a platform for creating software that is delivered over the Internet. This model includes platforms such as Salesforce.com and Heroku. 

1. Example of Cloud Computing 

• Amazon Web Services: With a large set of tools that continue to grow exponentially, Amazon’s capabilities are unmatched. AWS also dominates the cloud computing market. AWS has a strong and versatile infrastructure. AWS is also perfect for large companies. But the cost structure can be confusing, and the single focus on public clouds rather than hybrid or private clouds means that operating with your data center is not a top priority for AWS. 

• Microsoft Azure: A close competitor to AWS with a highly capable cloud infrastructure. If you’re an enterprise customer, Azure speaks your language – some companies have a corporate (and Windows support) background as Microsoft. Azure knows that you are still running the data center, and the Azure platform is working hard to operate with the data center; hybrid cloud is true power. However Azure has a reputation for being an immature cloud platform. Resource management tends to fail. In fact failures were frequent on the Azure side. Another problem is communication that is still not very good. 
• Google Cloud: A well-funded underdog in the competition, Google enters the cloud market later and lacks a corporate focus helping to attract corporate customers. But its technical expertise is deep, and its industry-leading tools in deep learning and artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics are significant advantages. For now, Google Cloud is still focused on small business companies. However, as its development, Google Cloud will be able to compete with AWS and Azure. 

D. Summary 

In conclusion, cloud computing is currently a new technological development that has the potential to have a major impact on the world. Cloud Computing has many benefits that it provides users and businesses alike. The benefits are reduced operating costs by reducing expenses on software maintenance and upgrades and more focus on the business itself. Despite its many benefits, Cloud computing still has to face other challenges that must be overcome. The challenge is that people are very skeptical about whether their data is safe and private. This problem arises because there are no worldwide standards or regulations that provide data via cloud computing. For example, Europe has data protection laws, but the US, as one of the most advanced countries in technology, does not have data protection laws. Users also worry about who can reveal their data and own ownership of the data. Even so, there are standards and regulations all over the world, cloud computing will revolutionize the future. 

Reference 

https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-is-cloud-computing-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-cloud/ 

https://caraguna.com/pengertian-manfaat-cloud-computing-cara-kerja-dan-fungsinya/#:~:text=Pengertian%20Cloud%20Computing%20atau%20Komputasi%20Awan,-Menurut%20siwiki%2C%20definisi&text=Dengan%20adanya%20cloud%20computing%20memudahkan,data%20dan%20informasi%20melalui%20internet.&text=Tujuan%20dari%20cloud%20computing%20ini,fleksibel%2C%20dan%20skala%20yang%20ekonomis. 

https://www.fandimedia.com/2017/11/pengertian-cloud-computing-menurut-ahli.html 

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cloud-computing.asp 

https://www.datamation.com/cloud-computing/aws-vs-azure-vs-google-cloud-comparison.html 

https://analyticsindiamag.com/microsoft-azure-vs-amazon-aws-vs-google-cloud-platform-a-comparison/ 

https://id.hostadvice.com/tools/web-hosting-comparison/amazon-web-services-vs-google-cloud-platform-vs-microsoft-azure/ 

https://sites.google.com/site/cloudcomputingfuture/home/conclusion